During the last 800 years, there have been 68 known names for inns and beer houses in Woburn.
The first recorded was St. George’s Hospice, when “Hospice” meant hospitality rather than the modern meaning of a care home for the terminally ill, it was built by the monks of Woburn Abbey to provide accommodation for travellers visiting Woburn. It has, since the 16th century, been known as St. George’s Inn, The George (this is where George Street comes from), The Bedford Arms, The Inn at Woburn, and now The Woburn Hotel.
After the dissolution of Woburn Abbey, the records of The Court of Augmentation (an audit of all Abbey's properties) indicate there were four inns in Woburn, The St, George, The White Hart (which stood where 8,9 & 10 Bedford Street are now), The King’s Head (which seems to have been where Woburn Lower School is now) and The Belles (which was to the north of the present Staunton House).
Long’s Hotel was known in 1650 as Long’s Inn and also The Woolsack and was the subject of a dispute of ownership between William Long and Edward Staunton. The dispute went to The Court of Chancery which found in Long’s favour. Many Woburn residents remember it as The Magpie which it was until 2010 when it was re-named Long’s Hotel.
Many premises have been known by the same name, when a tenant moved from one property to another they took the name with them. This happened with The Bedford Arms, which was more properly named The Goat on The Bedford Arms and was located at 13 & 14 Bedford Street, it was the main coaching inn in Woburn, with the coming of the railway and decline in the coaching trade the tenant moved to The George and re-named it The Bedford Arms, dropping “The Goat” part of the name.
Not all of the inns and beer houses operated at the same time and equally not all premises that sold beer were named. Many households during medieval times brewed beer for their own consumption, the water was not always safe to drink so it was boiled to make ale and if they had a surplus they would sell it, but not before it had been tasted by the Ale Tasters (appointed by the Manorial Court) had declared it fit for sale.
The histories of many of them can be found on the Bedford Archives website http://bedsarchives.bedford.gov.uk/CommunityArchives/Woburn/WoburnIndexOfPages.aspx |